关键字：2009,RA,血液透析,指南,通路,内瘘RA, Guidelines ,Haemodialysis

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简介：The basis for the management of advanced chronic kidney disease is the seamless integration of renal replacement therapy (HD, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation) with evidence based medical treatment of its complications. The National Service Framework Part 1: Dialysis and Transplantation has stressed the need for a patient-centred approach in the planning and provision of renal replacement therapy with an emphasis on patient education and choice as well as the provision of adequate resources for elective access surgery, dialysis and transplantation (1). It also identified that a small proportion of patients after counseling may opt for optimal conservative medical therapy without planning to initiate dialysis.